Potato Cultivation Guide

Soil & Land Preparation

Potatoes grow best in well‑drained, loamy soils with a pH of ~5.5–6.5. Before planting, loosen the soil deeply (20–30 cm), remove stones, and incorporate organic matter or compost for better structure and fertility.

Ridge or furrow formation helps with tuber development and ensures good aeration, drainage, and easier harvesting.

Seed Tuber Selection & Planting

Use certified disease‑free seed tubers. Medium-sized tubers (35–45 mm) with 2–3 “eyes” or sprouts are ideal. Pre-sprouting (“chitting”) for 1–2 weeks in a cool, lightly lit place encourages strong shoots.

Plant tubers at ~8–12 cm depth, with in‑row spacing ~25–30 cm and 75–90 cm between rows to allow for hilling and proper growth.

Fertiliser & Nutrition Management

Apply balanced fertiliser based on soil tests. At tuber bulking, favour potassium-rich fertilisers and moderate nitrogen to optimize yield.

Use organic compost to boost soil health, fertility, and microbial activity.

Irrigation

Maintain consistent moisture — especially during tuber initiation and bulking — without waterlogging. Drip or furrow irrigation is preferred where feasible.

Harvest & Storage

Harvest when foliage yellows and dies back — this indicates maturity. Cure harvested tubers in a cool, dry place for a few days so skin toughens. Store in a cool, dark, well-ventilated area to minimize spoilage.